Its Kale (Ioannina Castle)

Its Kale, also known as the Ioannina Castle, stands as a significant historical landmark on a rocky promontory overlooking Lake Pamvotis. Recognized as one of Greece’s oldest Byzantine fortifications, the site was originally built in 528 AD under Emperor Justinian I. Today, it functions as a living museum where ancient ruins, Ottoman structures, and modern residential areas coexist, offering visitors a unique glimpse into the region’s complex history.

The fortress covers approximately 200 acres with a perimeter of 2,000 meters, featuring walls up to 10 meters thick. Visitors can explore various sections, including the NW citadel, which houses the Aslan Pasha Mosque, and the SE citadel containing the Its Kale and Kastropoliteia. Key architectural highlights include the Soufari Serai, a two-story building that once served as Ali Pasha’s Faculty of Cavalry, and the Voimoundos Tower, a Byzantine fortification from 1082. The site also features the historic cookshops, which now serve as a local gathering spot.

The interior of the fortress includes the Byzantine Museum, located within the inner citadel. This museum displays artifacts from the Byzantine and post-Byzantine periods, including sculptures, coins, and icons. The area offers panoramic views of the surrounding landscape, making it a popular destination for those interested in history and architecture. The site is open to the public, with specific operating hours varying by season, allowing visitors to explore the rich cultural heritage of Ioannina at their own pace.