Upper Town (Kastro)

The Upper Town, or Kastro, of Monemvasia offers a dramatic and rugged historical experience. Perched atop a massive rock island, this medieval fortress town is accessible via a steep, winding path known as the "Walk," which leads from the Lower Town through an arched gate. The ascent is physically demanding, involving rough terrain, narrow cobblestone alleys, and stairs. Visitors are strongly advised to wear sturdy, non-slip footwear and to stay hydrated, as the climb can be strenuous, particularly in the summer heat.

Historically significant, the Upper Town served as the administrative and military center during the Byzantine period. It housed lords and nobles before being occupied by Venetians and Ottomans. Today, it is largely deserted, with only a handful of permanent residents remaining. Unlike the restored areas of the Lower Town, the Upper Town retains a wild, untouched atmosphere, featuring ruins, the 12th-century Agia Sophia church, and ancient fortress remnants.

The site is open daily from 9:00 AM to 5:00 PM. Visitors are encouraged to explore early in the morning to avoid the intense midday sun and crowds. The panoramic views of the Aegean Sea from the Acropolis and other vantage points are a key highlight. This area is best suited for those interested in history and hiking, offering a raw glimpse into the past rather than a polished tourist experience. The combination of historical depth and natural beauty makes it a unique destination for travelers seeking an authentic encounter with Greece’s medieval heritage.